胸主动脉夹层相关的危险因素认识现状

The research status of the risk factors associated with thoracic aortic dissection

胸主动脉夹层是一种病情变化快的灾难性疾病，其特点是发病急、病情复杂、急诊诊断困难、进展迅速、误诊率高、病死率高、易引起医疗纠纷。即便如此，形成胸主动脉夹层详细的原因还不明确，许多危险因素与胸主动脉夹层的发生有关，包括高血压、性别（男性）、主动脉的正常老化、吸食毒品、动脉粥样硬化、遗传性疾病和炎性疾病等。

Thoracic aortic dissection was a catastrophic disease with change quickly, and the characteristic of thoracic aortic dissection was acute onset, complex, progress rapidly, difficult to diagnosis, and highly misdiagnosis rate. So the fatality rate of thoracic aortic dissection was high, which easy caused medical disputes. Even so, the cause of the formation of thoracic aortic dissection in detail is not clear, and many risk factors associated with the occurrence of thoracic aortic dissection. These including high blood pressure, gender （male） , aortic normal aging, drug using, atherosclerosis, genetic disease and inflammatory diseases, etc.