宋朝与日本、高丽之间“准外交关系”初探

See the "quasi-diplomatic relations" Between China and Japan through the Fact those Song Merchants delivering the country Dispatch

宋朝以降,日本刻意采取政治上回避的"脱宋"政策,高丽奉辽、金为正朔,宋朝和日本、高丽之间长期处于无政治往来的状态,而日本和高丽则保持着密切的政治接触。宋神宗时期,为了打破这种局面,宋与日本和高丽之间开始以一种"准外交关系"的模式在接触,这表现在宋朝曾连续多次向日本和高丽派遣国使、传递国牒,而担当国使竟然都是宋商,一千年前,宋、日、丽三国之间上演了一场以宋商为推介的独特外交博弈。

Since late Tang Dynasty,although China and Japan is under the status of no formal diplomatic relations for a long period of time which is a 'politically empty period'. Still,between China and Japan there was a form of 'quasi- diplomatic'exchanges.