云南高校大学生健康保健需求的调查与分析

Healthcare needs of university students in Yunnan

目的了解云南省在校大学生的健康状况和保健需求,进一步充实人体健康公选课,提高大学生健康素养。方法采取整群抽样的方法应用自制问卷调查表对181名人体健康公选课的综合院校大学生进行问卷调查,采用百分率、χ2检验进行统计描述与分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果有健康保健欲望,想获得保健、急救、用药安全和预防传染病等知识的学生超过95%;希望了解的疾病种类较多;平衡膳食、睡眠正常、安排时间锻炼身体的人数均不超过50%;情绪积极乐观36.5%,情绪感觉一般51.9%,情绪悲观失望、易激动和焦虑13.8%;希望与更多人交往的占92.3%,不愿与人交往的占7.2%;与同学关系和睦的占91.2%,与同学关系一般的占8.3%;男女生在情绪和交往方面的比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.84,P>0.05);男女生与同学关系方面的比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.69,P<0.01);男女生在情绪积极乐观,情绪感觉一般,情绪悲观失望、易激动和焦虑三类情绪比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=20.81、39.39,P均<0.05)。结论云南高校学生有较强的保健愿望,希望了解疾病种类的较多,学校应加强在校学生健康素养的培养。

Objective To understand the healthcare needs of college students in Yunnan. Methods A ques- tionnaire survey was conducted among 181 college students who were in the class of human health and random ly selected by cluster sampling method. Chi-square test was used for data analysis. Results More than 95 of students surveyed claimed that they wanted to have more healtheare knowledge and access to healtheare, first aid, drug safety and infectious diseases prevention. Less than half wanted to know more diseases, balanced diet, regular sleeping, and exercise. 36.5~ were optimistic and la. 8~ students were anxious, depressed and easily excited. 92.3 ~ students reported of willing to communicate with more people and 91.2% were getting along well with other students. There were significant differences of relationship and mood between male and female students （χ2=20.81, 39.39, P〈0.05）. Conclusions College students in Yunnan have strong desire of healtheare and willing to learn more about diseases. Universities should offer students more opportunity for the training of healthcare concepts.