交会对接期间空间环境参数使用策略初探

Preliminary Study on Strategy of Space Environment Parameter Usage during Rendezvous and Docking

交会对接前,飞船需要进行6次变轨来调整其与目标飞行器的位置,此过程为远距离导引段。在此期间,飞船测控弧段比较短,限制了使用空间环境参数解算大气阻力系数Cd值的精确性。为此制定的新策略采用两目标协同辨识空间环境参数定轨的方法,以追踪飞行器为基准,两个目标采用相同的定轨弧段和空间环境参数,发现分析结果与神舟八号、神舟九号在任务中计算的远距离导引相对精度相比提高了1个量级;并将该方法应用于神舟十号交会对接任务中,结果表明该策略是正确可行的。

Six orbital transfers through long distance navigation process are needed by the spaceship to adjust its position with the target vehicle before Rendezvous and Docking.. During this process, the measuring arc of the spaceship is relatively short, and the Cd accuracy, calculated through the space environment parameters, is limited. A new strategy was used in this paper. It adopted the method of collaborative identification of space environment parameters by the two targets for orbit de- termination. The chasing vehicle served as the reference, the same measured arcs and same space environment parameters were used in the two spacecrafts for orbit determination. It is found that the relative accuracy of the Shenzhou 8, Shenzhou 9 calculation in the task of long distance navigation was improved by 1 order of magnitude. The method was then applied to the Shenzhou 10 rendezvous and docking mission. The results demonstrated that the method was feasible.