新疆地区汉族和维吾尔族宫颈癌临床流行病学分析

Clinical epidemiological analysis on cervical cancer in Han and Uygur women in Xinjiang

目的：探讨新疆地区汉族和维吾尔族宫颈癌患者临床流行病学特征的差异性,为宫颈癌的防治及普查提供临床依据。方法：收集和整理新疆肿瘤医院2003年1月~2011年12月期间收治的维吾尔族和汉族宫颈癌患者共5 766例,对临床流行病学情况进行回顾对比分析。结果：1构成比：维吾尔族高于汉族,汉族患者的构成比有逐渐增加趋势,维吾尔族患者构成比有逐渐下降趋势,维汉宫颈癌比例逐渐缩小。2年龄：汉族主要集中在36~50岁,维吾尔族主要集中在41~55岁;汉族患病年龄较维吾尔族提前一个年龄段（5岁）。3地域分布：南疆地区宫颈癌患者以维吾尔族为主,北疆地区以汉族为主。4职业、文化程度：无稳定工作、文化程度低的妇女患宫颈癌比例较大。5临床病理：汉族和维吾尔族宫颈癌患者在临床分期中均以中晚期占比例较高,早期宫颈癌汉族所占比例较高;汉族、维族尔族宫颈癌均以鳞癌为主,汉族腺鳞癌比例较维吾尔族高;病理组织学分级汉、维无差异。结论：近年来新疆地区宫颈癌以维吾尔族为主,维汉宫颈癌比例逐渐缩小,汉族患病年龄较维吾尔族提前一个年龄段、南疆以维吾尔族为主,北疆以汉族为主,临床分期早期中汉族所占比较较高,汉族腺鳞癌比例较维吾尔族高,此结果为该区宫颈癌防治工作提供了重要依据。

Objective： To explore the differences of clinical epidemiological characteristics of cervical cancer between Han women and Uygur women in Xinjiang, provide a clinical basis for prevention, treatment and general screening of cervical cancer in Xinjiang. Methods： A total of 5 766 Han and Uygur women with cervical cancer were collected from the hospital from January 2003 to December 2011,the data was summarized,the clinical epidemiological characteristics were compared and analyzed. Results： Constituent ratio：the constituent ratio of Uygur women was higher than that of Han women,the constituent ratio of Han women showed a gradually increasingtrend,while the constituent ratio of Uygur women showed a gradually decreasing trend,the gap of constituent ratio between Han women and Uygur women was narrowing. Age： most of Han women with cervical cancer aged 36-50 years old,while most of Uygur women with cervical cancer aged 41-55 years old; the onset age of cervical cancer in Han women was earlier than that in Uygur women by five years. Geographical distribution： Uygur women with cervical cancer mainly lived in southern region of Xinjiang,while Han women with cervical cancer mainly lived in northern region of Xinjiang. Occupation and educational level： cervical cancer mainly occurred in the women without stable work and the women with low educational level. Clinical pathology： among Han women and Uygur women with cervical cancer,middle and advanced cervical cancer accounted for a large proportion; among the patients with early cervical cancer,the proportion of Han women was higher; squamous cell carcinoma was the main pathological type among Han women and Uygur women with cervical cancer,the proportion of adenosquamous carcinoma in Han women was higher than that in Uygur women; there was no statistically significant difference in histopathological grade between Han women and Uygur women. Conclusion： From2003 to 2011,cervical cancer mainly occurred in Uygur women,the gap of constituent ratio between Han women and Uygur women was narrowing,the onset age of cervical cancer in Han women was earlier than that in Uygur women by five years,Uygur women with cervical cancer mainly lived in southern region of Xinjiang,while Han women with cervical cancer mainly lived in northern region of Xinjiang,among the patients with early cervical cancer,the proportion of Han women was higher,the proportion of adenosquamous carcinoma in Han women was higher than that in Uygur women. The study results provide important basis for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in Xinjiang.