不同换水频率对刺参养殖池塘底泥环境的影响

Effects of Different Water Exchange Frequencies on the Environments of the Sediments in Sea Cucumber Culture Ponds

实验研究了不同换水频率对刺参养殖池塘底泥环境的影响,以期为刺参养殖技术的提高提供参考。实验于2012年4月-2013年5月在山东好当家海洋发展股份有限公司靖海湾水产养殖基地刺参养殖池塘进行,选取3口刺参养殖池塘,设置不同的换水频率。每月采集3口池塘底泥样品,测定底泥中有机物含量、有机碳、有机氮、叶绿素a、脱镁叶绿素、总氮、硝态氮、氨氮、总磷、活性磷酸盐等指标,比较分析不同换水频率对刺参养殖池塘底泥环境的影响。结果表明每月换水10d为最佳换水频率。

Sea cucumber （Apostichopus japonicas）is the benthic species,water exchange is one of the most important factors to affect the sea cucumber aquaculture during the farming management. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of different water exchange frequencies on the environments of the sediments in sea cucumber culture ponds so as to provide a reference for optimizing sea cucumber culture technology. The experiments were conducted in sea cucumber culture ponds of Jing Bay aquaculture base in Homey Group, Rongcheng Shandong from April 2012 to May 2013. Three sea cucumber culture ponds were selected as experimental ponds and different water exchange frequencies were set： pond 1 water exchange frequency was set to one-third of monthly tidal rhythm; pond 2 was set to two-thirds of monthly tidal rhythm and the pond 3 was used as a control pond and water was changed following the monthly tidal rhythm （in water exchange for 15 days or so a month, 1 time a day, each time in water exchange for about a third pond）. Sediment samples were collected from the 3 ponds every month and organic matter contents, organic carbons, organic nitrogen, chlorophylls a, pheophytin, total nitrogens, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, active phosphate of the sediment were determined to compare and analyze the effects of different water exchange frequencies on the environments of the sediments in sea cucumber culture ponds. Experimental results showed that the organic matter contents in pond 1 and 2 were significantly higher than that in pond 3 （P〈0.05）; the organic carbons, organic nitrogen and chlorophyll a in pond 1 were significantly higher than other 2 ponds （P^0.05） ; the pheophytin, the total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phos- phorus and active phosphate in pond 2 and 3 were significantly lower than those in pond 1 （P〈0.05）. Moreover, the body weights of the sea cucumber in pond 2 were significantly larger than those in other 2 ponds （P〈0.05）. Hence, it was comprehensively concluded that the water exchange frequencies in pond 2 with 10 times per month saw the best.