流体微分静电纺丝喷头设计的研究进展

Research progress of fluid differential electrostatic spinning nozzle design

随着纳米技术的发展,作为可制备纳米级纤维的静电纺丝技术也受到越来越多的关注。由于传统毛细管喷头生产效率低,纳米级纤维产业化受到限制。为使纳米级纤维产业化,研究者从静电纺丝微分喷头结构出发,围绕一种能够自发形成密集射流的微分喷头结构进行了大量的研究。从直线式、曲线式、平面式、曲面式、立体式微分喷头结构5个方面对流体微分静电纺丝喷头设计的基本原理和研究进展进行综述,并与传统单点式静电纺喷头进行了比较,为进一步研制新型流体微分静电纺丝喷头和纳米级纤维产业化制造提供参考。

With the development of nanotechnology,the electrostatic spinning technology which can be used to prepare nanofibers has attracted more and more attention.Industrialization manufacturing of nanofibers is constrained due to ultralow production efficiency of conventional capillary nozzles.In order to realize industrialization manufacturing of nanofibers,researchers focused on a electrostatic spinning differential nozzle structure and made numerous studies on the differential electrostatic spinning nozzle structure capable of forming dense jets spontaneously.This paper reviews the basic principle and research progress of the fluid differential electrostatic spinning nozzle design from five aspects of straight line type,curve type,fiat type,curved type,and three-dimensional differential nozzle structure,and compares with the conventional single point electrospinning nozzles,which provides reference for the further development of novel fluid differential electrostatic spinning nozzles industrialization manufacturing of nanofibers.