别嘌醇所致药疹25例回顾性分析

A clinical retrospective study of 25 patients with drug eruption caused by allopurinol

目的分析别嘌醇所致药疹的临床特点及治疗效果。方法对我科2009—2012年住院治疗的25例别嘌醇所致药疹患者进行临床回顾性分析。结果 25例患者平均潜伏期为(21.3±2.4)d,其中麻疹样型5例,重症多形红斑型10例,大疱性表皮松解型8例,剥脱性皮炎型2例。所有患者均伴有全身症状,均早期给予足量糖皮质激素治疗。23例痊愈出院,1例因癫痫发作转神经内科继续治疗,1例因多脏器衰竭死亡。平均住院时间(29.5±3.1)d。结论别嘌醇所致药疹具有潜伏期长、临床表现较重、病程长的特点。早期给予足量糖皮质激素是治疗的关键。

ObjectiveTo study the clinical features and the treatment of drug eruption caused by allopurinol.MethodsTwenty-ifve cases of drug eruption caused by allopurinol hospitalized in our department from 2009 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsThe average incubation period was （21.3±2.4） days. The cases were categorized as follow： measles-like type 5 cases, Stevens-Johnson syndrome type 10 cases, epidermolysis bullosa type 8 cases, dermatitis exfoliativa type 2 cases. All the patients had systemic symptoms and had been given enough systemic steroids in the early stage of the disease. Twenty-three cases were cured and discharged with fully recovery, one case was transferred to neurology department because of seizure disorder, and one case died from multiple organ failure. The average length of stay in hospital was （29.5±3.1） days.ConclusionThe drug eruptions caused by allopurinol are characterized by the longer incubation period, serious symptoms and longer disease duration. Systemic administration of a sufifcient amount of glucocorticoid in the early stage of the disease is the key of the treatment.