机插秧模式下肥料配置对稻米主要品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizer Allocation on Grain Qualities under Mechanized Transplanting Rice Mode

在成都平原稻麦两熟区,用超级稻德香4103、Q优8号、II优602进行机插秧,总氮为195 kg·hm-2,以不施肥为对照,研究机插秧传统型、改进型、优化型肥料配置对稻米主要品质的影响,为制定优质栽培技术提供依据。稻米主要品质在品种和肥料配置间的差异极显著,并存在极显著的互作效应;肥料配置能够有效改善米质;不同品种对肥料配置响应存在差异。德香4103采用改进型肥料配置,延长胶稠度7 mm,降低直链淀粉含量5.5个百分点,垩白度、垩白粒率提高;Q优8号采用传统型肥料配置,分别降低垩白度、垩白粒率及直链淀粉含量4.3、15及0.4个百分点,延长胶稠度11mm;II优602采用优化型肥料配置,提高蛋白质0.5个百分点,分别降低垩白度、垩白粒率1.9、5个百分点,胶稠度、直链淀粉含量降低,米质得到改善。

In order to make quality cultivation technique, the effects of traditional, improved and optimized fertilizer allocation on grain qualities were analyzed by using mechanized transplanting super rice, Dexiang 4103, Q-you 8, II-you 602, with 195 kg pure nitrogen per hm2 in wheat-rice planting area in Chengdu basin. The results showed that the grain quality difference between rice varieties and fertilizer allocation, and their interaction were most significant. Suitable fertilizer allocation could effectively improve grain quality, although different effects on varieties to fertilizer allocation occurred among different rice varieties. By using improved fertilizer allocation, Dexiang 4103 ＇ s gel consistency prolonged 7 mm,amylase content decreased 5.5% , the chalkiness degree, chalky rice rate increased. By using traditional fertilizer allocation, Q-you 8＇s chalkiness degree, chalky rice rate and amylase content decreased 4.3%, 15% and 0.4% respectively, and the gel consistency prolonged 11 mm. By using optimized fertilizer allocation, II-you 602＇ s protein content increased O. 5% consistency and amylase , chalkiness degree and chalky rice rate decreased 1.9% and 5% respectively, and the gel content decreased, resulting in better grain quality.