老年患者慢性心衰症状的特点研究与护理康复思路

Clinical features and rehabilitation care for elderly patients with chronic heart failure

目的分析老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)的临床特点及其康复护理的方法和效果。方法收集2012年1月至2013年12月我院收治的CHF患者169例,分析≥60岁与<60岁患者的临床特点。122例≥60岁患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组61例,对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上行综合护理干预,比较2组的护理效果。结果老年CHF患者缺乏典型临床症状,主要表现为呼吸困难、咳嗽咳痰、水肿少尿、消化系统症状等。观察组护理后心功能分级较对照组显著降低,METS评分、6 min步行距离显著高于对照组,生活质量较对照组显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论老年CHF患者缺乏典型临床表现,容易合并重要脏器并发症,早期密切监测并实施综合护理干预,有利于改善患者的心功能,提高生活质量。

Objective To analyze the clinical features of elderly patients with chronic heart failure （CHF） and the rehabilitation care methods and effect. Methods 169 patients with CHF in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 were collected, the clinical features of patients≥60 years and 〈 60 years were analysed. 122 cases of≥ 60 years were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 61 patients in each group. The control group underwent routine care, observation group underwent comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of the control group, the effect of two groups were compared. Results Elderly patients with CHF were lack of typical clinical symptoms, mainly as dyspnea, sputum, cough, edema oliguria, digestive symptoms. After nursing, the NYHA of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group, METS score and 6 rain walk test were significantly higher than the control group, the quality of life was significantly better than that of the control group（P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. Conclusions Elderly patients with CHF are lack of typical clinical manifestations, and easy to merge important organ complications. Closely monitoring and early implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention can improve the heart function and improve their quality of life.