政府信任的层级差别及其原因解析

The Difference of Government Trust on Different Levels and Its Reason

信任在不同层级的政府之间的分布并不均衡。在美国,联邦政府的信任度低于州政府,州政府的信任度又低于地方政府。而中国的政府信任层级差别情形与之相反:政府级别越高,民众对其信任程度越高。从制度和文化路径入手,通过考察中央政府信任和地方政府信任的来源,我们发现:政策评价、制度绩效、政府工作人员评价、权威主义价值观等都是影响地方政府信任的重要因素,而对中央政府信任最重要的影响因素来自政策评价。民众对于地方政府和中央政府的期望以及据以评价的标准不同,导致了目前"央强地弱"的政府信任格局。

The distribution of government trust is unequal on different levels. In America, the trust to federal government is lower than the state government, which is as well lower than the local government. Yet, in China, the situation is just the opposite ： the higher level of the government the more trust from the people. In the perspective of institution and culture to explore the source of the trust, we find that： evaluation of policies, institutional performance, estimation of government staff, values of authoritarianism, etc. , are all important factors affecting local government trust, and the significant factor that influent central government trust is only evaluation of policies. In sum, the difference of expectation and estimation criterion has formed the strong-center-and-weak-local trust structure.