《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》的发表与延安文艺政策的确立

The Publication of Speech at the Forum of Art and Literature in Yan'an and the Establishment of Yan'an Literature and Art Policy

在解放区文学走向体制化的进程中,文艺政策的确立发挥了决定性作用。以延安文艺座谈会的召开为分界线,延安文艺政策的建构经历了前期以"民族—国家—个人"为中心向后期以"阶级—政党—大众"为中心的转换。正是在这种转换中,作为一种文艺思想的"毛泽东的文艺理论"逐渐被固定化,成为延安文艺政策的理论核心。解放区的作家从具有独特个性的"文化人"转变为自觉执行延安文艺政策的"党的文艺工作者",通过特殊的文学生产方式参与到解放区的群众文艺运动中。解放区文学走向体制化的过程也就是中国共产党的文艺政策逐渐确立的过程,其实质就是文学的意识形态化。

During the institutionalized process of literature in the liberated area, the establishment of literature and art policy played a significant role. Using the convening of Yan＇ an forum of art and literature as a dividing line, the central construction of Yan＇ an literature and art policy went through the transition from the focus on ＂nation to country to individual＂ to the focus on ＂class to party to public＂. Meanwhile during this transition, Mao Zedong＇ s art and literature theory as a literature thought was gradually stabilized and finally became the core theo- ry of Yan＇ an literature and art policy. Writers in liberated area were changing from the cultural workers full of personalities to the literature and art workers of political party automatically carrying out the Yan＇ an literature and art policy. By the means of special literature production, these writers got involved in the public literature and art movements in liberated area. The institutionalized process of literature in liberated area is exactly the process of the establishment of CPC＇ s literature and art policy, which in essence is the ideological process of literature.