从“俄乱”到“俄式革命”——再论“十月革命”对中国的“参照”作用(1917—1921)

A Violent Coup to a Russian Model:The Reference Role of the October Revolution for China(1917-1921)

在1917年后的短短五年间,"十月革命"由一个以"暴力政变"形象出现的"他者",转变为深刻影响20世纪中国历史走向的重大历史事件。这种迅速而根本的转变不仅是第一次世界大战后世界思潮变动在中国的直接体现,更是反映中国知识分子在"中国不能外于世界"的集体焦虑中反复权衡"改造社会"和"改造政治"二者关系,从而回答"改造中国"命题的一个生动实例。最后,以"改造政治"为目标的中国革命者,最先跳出"世界的中国"语境下所产生的种种争论,找到了引领中国通往"社会主义"的道路,开启了改变中国历史进程的革命之门。

The October Revolution, whose image had been overturned in 5 years after the occurrence, was viewed as a big turning point for the revolutionary China in 1920s. From a violent coup as well as the remote other to the significant indicator, the rapid and fundamental shift could be a mirror reflecting the fluctuations of ideology in post - war China. China couldn＇ t be an outsider, who must stand on his own feet. Exposure to a new era of great changes, Chinese intellectuals, who had been given two plans of reconstruction of nation, found that they had to make a radical decision after repeatedly weigh. Reforming the society or being a innovator of politics？ The young revolutionaries, escaping from endless arguments and choosing the latter one, finally opened a way to socialism and a revolutionary, glorious China.