基层政府社会管理体制创新——江苏苏南苏北若干地区的比较研究

Innovations in the institutions of social management in low-level governments: A comparative study between some areas in the northern and others in the southern Jiangsu

社会已经进入多元化时代,利益差异日益明显,利益主体意识日益增强,相互之间的利益冲突不可避免,要求基层政府必须对日益增强的利益诉求意愿做出积极的回应。这既是社会管理创新的原动力,也决定了社会管理创新的目标和路径:变革中国原有的"政府包揽式"社会管理模式,提高多元参与水平以及对利益差异和利益冲突的包容能力,形成"多元协作式"社会管理体制势在必然。这种"多元协作式"社会管理包含两个层面:一是管理主体的多元;二是管理工具的多元。本文以极具代表性的"苏南"的苏州和"苏北"的淮安为样本,各选取两个社会管理创新的案例,从结构、过程和类型三个层面比较两地社会管理创新的差异,评估实践成效,揭示创新规律,探究发展趋势,并在此基础上提出对策建议。

Societies have come into as era of pluralism.People's interests are increasing diversified and their sense as interest subjects becomes stronger and stronger. There happen conflicts between interests inevitably. Low-level governments are asked for increasing responsiveness. These are the drivers to the innovations in social management and define the aim and path of the innovations. The existing management model of 'government taking on everything' should be changed,plural participation encouraged, and the capacities to include interest differences and conflicts increased. It is inevitable to build a'plural and collaborative model' of social management. The model should have two aspects: multiple management subjects;multiple tools for management. The author selects two cases of innovation — Suzhou in the southern Jiangsu and Huai'an in the northern Jiangsu, which he believes are highly representative — to compare the differences in innovation of social management between two places on three dimensions(structure, process and pattern). Then he assesses the effects of the practices, reveals the laws for innovations,and explores new trends. Based on the analyses, he offers some proposals for improvement.