不同电压击晕对獭兔生理信号及宰后兔肉品质的影响

Effect of different voltage on the physiological signals of Rex rabbit and its meat quality

本文研究了电击晕屠宰时,不同电压对獭兔致晕后生理参数(脑电波、心电波)、胴体质量、兔肉品质(蒸煮损失率、滴水损失率、剪切力)的影响。实验分为四组,以手砍脑干颈椎致晕法为对照组,其他三组分别用90、120、150V电压头部电击獭兔3s致晕,然后割动脉放血,取其股二头肌(biceps femoris)测定相关指标分析。结果发现,与对照组相比,电击后獭兔脑电波呈癫痫状,随电击电压的增大癫痫状脑电波振幅增大,其心电波主峰频率也比对照组加快。同时,电击致晕獭兔出现不同程度胴体瘀斑、骨折和出血等现象。随着击晕电压的增大,兔肉蒸煮损失率和滴水损失率均显著增大。同时电击晕处理能增大兔肉剪切力,降低兔肉嫩度。以上结果表明,与脱颈处死相比,电击致晕降低了兔肉品质,其随着电压强度的增加而更加明显。按照屠宰需要及考虑动物福利的原则,选用90V电压为獭兔适宜击晕电压。

The physiological signal of Rex rabbit （electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram）treated with different voltage stunning and the meat quality （cooking loss, drip loss, shear force）after slaughter were studied.The Rex rabbits were randomly divided into four groups,one group with hammering brainstem cervical by hand method as control,others were treated with 90, t20, ]50V voltage shock for 3s, leading to head dizzy.After arterial bleeding, biceps femoris was cut from carcass and detected for meat quality. Carcass bruising, fractures, bleeding at different extents were discovered in the electrical stunning groups while these phenomena was not found in control group.Electrical stunning made Rex rabbits to be epileptiform.Meantime,the amplitude of electroencephalogram （EEG） was improved and frequency of the main peak of electrocardiogram （ECG）were increased with the increasing electrical voltage.With voltage increasing,the cooking loss,the drip loss and the shear force of biceps femoris were significantly increased while the tenderness was decreased.The results showed that compared with stunned by hammering brainstem cervical by hand method,electrical stunning reduced meat quality of Rex rabbit, which was more apparent with the increasing voltage.According to the principles of slaughter and animal welfare needs,it was suggested that 90V was optimal to electrical stunning for Rex rabbit.