罗尔斯“分配正义”理论及其批评者——兼论“分配正义”理论对当代中国的启示

John Rawls' s “Distributive Justice”Theory and His Critics—— And the Revelation of Rawls' s Theory for Modern China

罗尔斯的正义论是关于"分配正义"的理论,"作为公平的正义"表达出罗尔斯对于平等的特别关注。在罗尔斯之后,诺齐克、桑德尔、阿玛蒂亚·森分别从"持有正义"理论、社群主义立场,以及能力、权利、发展与自由的关系等角度,展开对罗尔斯正义理论的批评和讨论。总结不同学者关于"分配正义"的理论,对于更好地认识我国社会发展过程中出现的问题大有裨益。

John Rawls＇ s justice theory is mostly concerned about ＂distributive justice＂, and ＂justice as fairness＂ expressed Rawls＇ s special consideration to equality. After John Rawls, Robert Nozick , Michael J. Sandel and Amartya Sen criticized this theory from the perspective of ＂holding justice＂theory, communitarianism, and the relationship between ability, rights,development and freedom. These plural theories about ＂distributive justice＂ may offer us different viewpoints to study social issues in China.