机动车交通流比功率与能耗模型研究

Research of VSP and Energy Consumption based on Traffic Flow Theory

为研究机动车交通流能耗,将机动车交通流比功率(VSP)作为研究对象.从最常见的单车比功率研究出发,使用气体动力学交通流模型联系单车比功率与交通流整体比功率,以此建立交通流比功率模型.为使此模型具备更显著的物理意义,将交通流比功率分为两部分,一部分为平衡交通流状态下的比功率,另一部分为偏离平衡交通流状态导致的比功率变化量,模型中的交通流参数与变量能够通过现有的交通流探测设备获取.将比功率理论模型从单车扩展到了交通流,用数学公式反应了交通流状态与比功率的关系,并且证明了交通流比功率能够通过交通流参数进行估计.并由交通流比功率出发,推导出交通流比功公式.此外研究了平衡态交通流比功率及比功与密度的关系.为研究机动车交通流能耗探索了新的思路.

In order to study the energy consumption of traffic flow, vehicle specific power （VSP） of traffic flow is taken as the research object. Starting from a VSP model of single car, the gas-kinetic-based traffic model is used to connect the VSP of single vehicle with VSP of traffic flow, the VSP model of traffic flow is constructed. For more obvious physical significance, the VSP of traffic flow is divided into two parts, the VSP under equilib- rium traffic flow state and the VSP variation caused by the trend to the equilibrium traffic flow state. The pa- rameters and variables of the traffic flow in the model can be easily obtained by using the existing detection e- quipment. The VSP theory is extent from the single vehicle to the traffic, and the mathematical formula reflect the relationship between traffic flow states and VSP. It demonstrates that the VSP of traffic flow can be esti- mated by using the traffic flow parameters, and the vehicle specific work of traffic flow is calculated. The rela- tionships among between the traffic density, VSP and VSW with equilibrium traffic flow are alsc studied.