披针叶黄华试管正常苗与玻璃化苗茎叶的解剖特征比较

Comparison of anatomical structure of stems and leaves between vitrified and normal shoots of Thermopsis lanceolata

利用解剖学方法,对披针叶黄华(Thermopsis lanceolatar)试管正常苗与玻璃化苗茎叶的解剖结构进行了观察比较。结果表明,玻璃化试管苗叶片和茎的解剖结构与正常试管苗有显著差异。前者叶片肥厚,无角质层,上表皮细胞多肿胀破裂;叶肉中栅栏组织退化消失,海绵组织细胞体积膨大,液泡化,某些区域细胞壁发育不完全,出现大的裂隙腔;叶片维管束退化;茎部表皮不完整,皮层和髓部组织的细胞皱缩变形,维管组织分化不完全等。这些结构上的畸形发育是影响披针叶黄华试管苗正常生长和增殖的重要原因。

Anatomical structure of leaves and stems of the normal shoots and vitreous shoots of Thermopsis lanceolata were compared by means of anatomical method. The results showed that there were significant differences in anatomical structure of leaves and stems between the vitrified and normal T. lanceolata plantlets in vitro. For the vitrified T. lanceolata plantlets, the leaves of the former were much thicker without cutin layer and many upper epidermis cells were turgescent or ruptured; palisade tissue degenerated and disappeared and spongy tissue became larger and vacuolated, cell walls of some mesophyll cells were atelio- sis and emerged void space in some region; vascular bundle degradated and epidermal cells were ateliosis in vitreous stems; cells of the cortex and pith tissue shrink and deformation, vascular tissue differentiation were not completely. These structural abnormalities were important to affect growth and multiplication of T. lanceolata plantlets in vitro.