古罗马角斗表演场域中“人”的研究

“People” Research in Field of Roman Gladiators' Performances

古罗马角斗表演活动历史悠久,但参与或者观看角斗表演活动的各阶层却形态各异。奴隶阶层中只有部分奴隶参与角斗表演,绝大多数奴隶却是看台上欢呼的观众。罗马的皇帝表面上热衷于举办角斗表演活动,实际上他们通过角斗活动在拉选票,谋取政治利益。真正热爱角斗活动的是罗马的贵族和骑士,因为观看角斗活动不但是他们日常生活的一部分,而且是他们娱乐的主要内容。罗马平民也是角斗活动最狂热的支持者和观赏者,但他们是被动的,因为罗马统治者抛给他们的只有角斗表演活动。

Roman gladiators’ performance activity had a long history, but different social strata participating in or watching the performances had their own purposes. Only part of the slaves of the slave class participated in the pancrati-um performances and the vast majority was only the stands cheering crowds. Roman emperors were keen on pancratium performing activities on the surface;but in fact, they were just doing it for their votes and political purposes. Those who really loved pancratium activities were the Roman nobles and knights, for watching such activities were not only part of their daily life, but also the main content of their entertainment. Roman civilians were the most fervent supporters, but they are passive because the rulers of Rome only threw the performance activities to them.