国有企业负责人监督体系再解构：分类与分层

The Innovation of Supervision Mechanism for State-owned Enterprises Leader:Stratification and Classification

国有企业负责人监督体制机制的构建和完善应当因"类"而异、因"层"而异。不同类型的国有企业,其负责人的监督体制机制不应相同;同一企业,尤其是竞争性国有企业中不同来源的负责人,其监督机制也应有所差异。合理垄断性国有企业必须由国家垄断经营,国有企业负责人监督体制机制基本上参照公务员监督体制机制,同时考虑成本控制、公众满意度,以及对生态环境的影响。竞争性国有企业是市场化企业,其发展方向是混合所有制,应当通过强化公司治理,实现依法治企来完成有力的法律监督;通过健全市场体系,促进自我约束来完成有效的市场监督。概言之,国有企业负责人监督体制机制要实现法治化,建立各主体对自身行为独立承担责任的机制,营造外部监督与自我约束相契合的体制机制环境。

The supervision mechanism forstate-owned enterprises leader in different state-owned enterprises is different, and is neither the same when the leaders are from different sources. Reasonable monopoly state-owned enterprises must be monopolized by the state, and the supervision mechanism for these enterprises should be according to the supervision mechanism for civil servant in consideration of cost control,public satisfaction and environmental protection. Competitive state-owned enterprises are market-oriented enterprises, and will develop mixed ownership in the future. So the legal supervisionshould be realizedthrough corporate governance and daily operating according to the law. Also, the market supervisionshould be realizedthrough perfect market system and effective self-discipline.In one word, the supervision mechanism in state-owned enterprises should realize the rule of law, establish the mechanism of each subject to promote them be responsible for their own behavior, and create a good environment for the correspondence of external supervision and self-discipline.