油莎豆粕蛋白制备工艺优化

Optimzation on Preparation of Cyperus esculentus Meal Protein

以油莎豆粕为原料,采用超声辅助碱提法制备油莎豆粕蛋白,以蛋白提取率为指标,研究提取次数和水洗工艺对油莎豆粕蛋白得率的影响。通过响应面法优化一次碱提工艺,最优工艺为,料液比1︰17(g/m L),超声时间26 min,pH 9.6,提取率44.01%;油莎豆粕蛋白的等电点为pI 4.2。通过优化提取次数,水洗等工艺参数,确定碱提次数3次,水洗温度40℃,水洗3次,油莎豆粕蛋白得率26.85%,油莎豆粕蛋白纯度43.54%。最终确定油莎豆粕蛋白制备工艺为一次碱提pH 9.6,料液比1︰17(g/m L),超声时间26 min,二、三次碱提料液比1︰10(g/m L),pH 9.6,超声时间26 min,3 000 r/min离心15 min,合并三次碱提液,于pH 4.2条件下酸沉1 h,3 000 r/min离心15 min,蛋白乳用5倍质量,40℃的水水洗30 min,进行3次,冷冻干燥得到的油莎豆粕蛋白纯度43.54%,得率26.85%。

With Cyperus esculentus meal as raw material, Cyperus esculentus meal protein was extracted with aikaline and precipitated with acerbity assisted by ultrasound. The influence of the number of extraction and washing process on the production of Cyperus esculentus meal protein was studied as the extraction rate of the protein was considered. The results showed that optimum extraction conditions of Cyperus esculentus meal protein through simplifing a alkali extraction process with response surface method were solid-liquid ratio 1︰17（g/m L）, ultrasonic wave for 26 min, pH 9.6 and the yield was 44.01%. Isoelectric point of Cyperus esculentus meal protein was 4.2. The process paramaters were optimized, such as extraction times and washing. When alkali extracting for 3 times, water temperature 40 ℃, and the yield of Cyperus esculentus meal protein was 26.85% and the purity of protein was 43.54%. The preparation process of Cyperus esculentus meal protein were finally determined, including alkali extracting for 1 times, pH 9.6, solid-liquid ratio 1︰17（g/mL）, ultrasonic wave for 26 min, alkali extracting for the second time the third time, solid-liquid ratio 1︰10（g/m L）, pH 9.6, ultrasonic wave for 26 min, rotating speed 3 000 r/min, centrifugal time 15 min, and three alkali extracts were combined and acid precipitated for 1 h in the condition of pH 4.2, rotating speed 3 000 r/min, centrifugal time 15 min, protein milk was washed for 30 min by 5 times weighty 40 ℃ water, washed for 3 times. Cyperus esculentus meal protein could be obtained by lyophilization with the purity was 43.54% and the yield was 26.85%.