中国集体劳动关系的生成、发展与成熟--一个自下而上的分析视角

Generation, Development and Maturity of Collective Labor Relation in China——A Bottom-Up Analytical Perspective

本文基于自下而上的视角,对我国集体劳动关系形成过程做了实证分析和逻辑推理。笔者将集体劳动关系分为生成、发展和成熟三个阶段,并以笔者介入和接触的个案作为依据。笔者认为,我国集体劳动关系尽管发萌于个体劳动关系的土壤,但另有其生成的规律、发展的机理和成熟的标志,这些都是完全不同于个体劳动关系的。笔者还认为,在集体劳动关系的生成、发展和成熟的整个过程中,工人(劳方)始终是自变量,资方和政府则是因变量,因此,政府难于在目前集体劳动关系尚处于生成阶段的时候,对其予以系统规制,适时出台促进集体劳动关系形成的劳工政策应是政府在此阶段的最佳选择。

The paper focuses on formation of the collective labor relation by empirical analysis and logical deduction from a top-down perspective. The collective labor relation is divided into three stages including generation, development and maturity based on the cases involved by the authors. Arguably, the collective labor relation bourgeons out on the basis of individual labor relations. However, in China, it is entirely different from the individual relations in respect of order of generation, development mechanism and the mark of maturity. Secondly, the worker is the independent variable in the process of its generation, development and maturity, yet the government and the employer are the dependent variables. Therefore, it is difficult for the government to systematically regulate the collective labor relation at the current stage of generation. The best choice in this period should be the promulgation of the labor policy to promote the formation of coUective labor relation.