恶性肿瘤化疗患者医院感染的调查与预防

Investigation and prevention of hospital infection after malignant cancer chemotherapy

目的调查恶性肿瘤化疗患者医院感染率,分析医院感染的危险因素,从而更好地进行预防和治疗。方法选取2009年5月-2014年5月医院恶性肿瘤接受化疗患者481例,回顾性分析患者临床资料,总结感染情况,采用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析。结果 481例患者发生医院感染128例,感染率26.61%;感染部位以呼吸道感染为主,共80例占62.50%;共检出病原菌119株,其中革兰阳性菌27株、革兰阴性菌74株、真菌18株,分别占62.18%、22.69%、15.13%。结论恶性肿瘤化疗患者医院感染率随入院时间的延长、骨髓抑制程度增加而呈上升趋势,主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,及时的采取有效预防治疗措施是控制医院感染的有效方法。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of hospital infection in patients after malignant cancer chemo‐therapy ,analyze the risk factors to achieve better prevention and treatment .METHODS Totally 481 cases of ma‐lignant cancer patients receiving chemotherapy during May 2009-May 2014 were enrolled ,the clinical data of pa‐tients were retrospectively analyzed ,and the infection conditions were summarized .The software SPSS 19 .0 was used for statistical analysis .RESULTS Totally 128 out of 481 cases had hospital infection ,the infection rate was 26 .61% .The main infected site was respiratory tract （80 cases ,62 .50% ） .Totally 119 pathogens were detected , including 27 gram‐positive bacteria （62 .18% ） ,74 gram‐negative bacteria （22 .69% ） ,and 18 fungi （15 .13% ） . CONCLUSION The prevalence of hospital infection after malignant cancer chemotherapy increases along with pro‐longed hospital admission time and increased degree of bone marrow suppression ,and the main pathogens are gram‐negative bacteria .To timely take effective preventive and treatment measures is an effective way to control hospital infection .