交通肇事逃逸重复评价问题的法经济学分析

A Legal and Economic Analysis of Repetitive Evaluation of Traffic Accident Escape

从表面上看,交通肇事罪中对逃逸的重复评价是对刑法原理中的禁止重复评价原则的挑战。但通过剖析禁止重复评价原则背后的经济学原理就会发现,二者本质上是相暗合的。这是因为,禁止重复评价原则背后的经济逻辑就是要保证刑罚威慑的最优化,而禁止重复评价原则的适用是有条件的,其前提便是某类犯罪的特定情节或行为没有导致该类犯罪的抓获概率在一段时期内明显下降,刑罚的威慑效果也没有因为特定情节或行为的出现而受到削弱,否则,对某类犯罪的特定情节或行为进行重复评价便是必要的。

Apparently, repetitive evaluation of traffic crime escape is a challenge to the principle of prohibition of repetitive evaluation in criminal law. But an analysis of the economic principles behind such prohibition of repetitive evaluation shows that that both of them are essentially coincident. The economic logic behind prohibiting repetitive evaluation is optimal deterrence, while the application of prohibiting repetitive evaluation is conditional, its premise being that no specific plots or certain criminal acts leading to such a crime decrease capture probability over a period of time, and that there is no deterrent effect of penalties because of the emergence of a specific plot or behavior undermined. Otherwise, repetitive evaluation of the particular class of criminal plots or behavior is necessary.