4种柱花草种子萌发过程中贮藏蛋白质的研究

The Research of Storage Protein in Four Kinds of Stylo Seed Germination

[目的]研究4种柱花草种子在萌发过程中4种贮藏蛋白质含量的变化。[方法]用Bradford蛋白质定量检测试剂盒对提取的蛋白进行测定。[结果]4种柱花草胚中贮藏蛋白质含量的大小顺序为球蛋白>白蛋白>谷蛋白>醇溶蛋白。球蛋白在胚生长时期大量降解,含量总体下降了43%;白蛋白在种子开始萌发时下降很快,下降幅度为39%;萌发后期种子胚芽长到4.3 cm时白蛋白含量降低了58%;在整个萌发过程中醇溶蛋白含量的变化与谷蛋白含量的变化相似,都呈波浪状变化,醇溶蛋白降解幅度最小。而总蛋白质含量在整个萌发阶段是随着萌发的进行而逐渐减少,其中有钩柱花草总蛋白含量的降解幅度最大,为49%;其余差异不明显。[结论]4种柱花草的种子萌发早期蛋白质的降解幅度大于萌发后期蛋白质的降解幅度。在种子萌发初期,柱花草种子中的贮藏蛋白质有不同程度的降解,为胚的生长发育提供需要的营养物质。在种子萌发后期,胚突破种皮形成幼芽,种子由异养逐渐向自养过渡,降解幅度减小。

[ Objective ] The four kinds of storage protein contents changed in four Stylo seed germination. [ Method ] To determine the extractionof protein by Bradford protein assay kit. [ Result ] The results showed that the storage protein content of Stylo seed embryo in the size of globulin〉 albumin 〉 glutenin 〉 prolamin. Globulin had a large number of degradation in the embryo period , the contents dropped 43% totally. Albumindecreased rapidly in the begin of germination, by 39%. In the late stage of germination, while the seed germ grow to 4.3 cm, albumin contentreduced 58%. The change of protein content in the whole germination had wavy, prolamin resembled with glutenin, its degradation was the smal-lest. The total protein content in the whole germination stage reduced gradually, the total protein of hook Stylos degraded maximum, by 49%.The rest of the difference was not obvious. [ Conclusion Protein degradation in earlier stage was greater than the later stage in seed germination.At the beginning of Stylos seed germination, storage proteins had difference degradation, which provide nutrients to embryo growth and develop-ment, at the later period bud through the seed coat, the degradation decreased, the seeds transited from heterotrophic to autotrophic gradually.