聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术在环境监测中的应用

Application of Polymerase Chain Reaction( PCR) Technology in Environmental Monitoring

聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术因其特异性强、灵敏度高以及快速简便等优点,广泛应用于环境监测。综述了改进PCR新技术:逆转录PCR、多重PCR、实时定量PCR、免疫捕捉PCR以及PCR-DGGE的原理及其在环境监测中的应用现状。PCR技术为在分子水平上进行环境微生物监测、污染物的生物损伤作用、群落结构多样性分析提供了有力的试验手段,具有广泛的应用前景。

Because of polymerase chain reaction （PCR） technology＇ s specificity, high sensitivity, as well as the advantages of quick and easydetection is widely used in the environment monitoring. The principles and the application status quo in environmental monitoring of the improvedPCR new technologies such as the reverse transcription PCR, the multiplex PCR, the real-time quantitative PCR, the immunocapture PCR, aswell as the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique was reviewed. PCR technology as a powerful experimental tool used for environmen-tal microbial testing, biological damage, microbial structure and diversity analysis at the molecular level, has a broad application prospect.