壬基酚、五氯酚及硝基苯对端足类河蜾蠃蜚(Corophium acherusicum)的毒性效应

Toxic Effects of Nonylphenol,Pentachlorophenol and Nitrobenzene on the Amphipoda Corophium acherusicum( Arthropoda,Malacostraca)

为检测海洋中环境激素及芳烃类化合物对端足类生物的污染危害,实验选择端足类河蜾蠃蜚(Corophium acherusicum)为受试生物,研究了其在壬基酚、五氯酚、硝基苯三种有机污染物暴露下的96 h急性致死毒性效应和7 d慢性DNA损伤毒性效应。计算获得壬基酚、五氯酚和硝基苯对河蜾蠃蜚的96 h半致死浓度(LC50)分别为70、465、25 000μg·L-1,三种有机污染物对河蜾蠃蜚的毒性强弱顺序为壬基酚>五氯酚>硝基苯。运用碱解旋法检测壬基酚、五氯酚和硝基苯对河蜾蠃蜚DNA损伤的程度,计算得到7 d半效应浓度(EC50)分别为30、256、11 000μg·L-1。实验结果表明:三种有机污染物浓度的不断加大,引起河蜾蠃蜚DNA损伤程度的不断增加,呈显著的剂量-效应关系。

Lethal and sublethal toxicities of nonylphenol, pentachlorophenol and nitrobenzene on Corophium acherusicum were tested to elucidate the toxic effects of environmental endocrine disruptors and aromatic compounds on marine amphipoda. Animals were exposed to these pollutants for 96 hours and 7 days in acute lethal and chronic tests, respectively. Results showed that the 96 h lethal concentration （LCs0） values for non ylphenol, pentachlorophenol and nitrobenzene were 70, 465, 25 000 μg· L-1, respectively, and their acute toxici- ties ranked at nonylphenol 〉 pentachlorophenol 〉 nitrobenzene. Meanwhile, the DNA single strand breaks test using alkaline unwinding assay found that the median effective concentration （EC50） after 7 d exposure for C. acherusicum were 30,256, 11 000 μg· L-1 for nonylphenol, pentachlorophenol and nitrobenzene, respectively.This study illustrated that the level of DNA single strand breaks increased with the increasing concentrations of the chemicals, and had a significant dose-effect relationship.