结直肠癌围手术期应用肠内营养的护理及对策

Nursing of Enteral Nutrition for Colorectal Cancer in Perioperative Period

目的探讨结直肠癌围手术期应用肠内营养支持的对策及相关护理措施。方法抽选我院在2010年2月至2014年3月择期行根治手术的84例结直肠癌患者,采用随机分层法分为对照组(n=42例,予以传统营养支持及常规护理,)和观察组(n=42例,在对照组基础上+围手术期肠内营养治疗,同时予以围手术期肠内营养护理),比较两组干预前后营养状况、胃肠道恢复时间及并发症发生率差异。结果两组患者术前各项生理指标比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),手术当天及术后8d各生理指标明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者肛门排气排便时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后并发症比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论结直肠癌围手术期积极予以肠内营养支持治疗及肠内营养护理干预能有效提高病人的营养状况,显著减少不良反应,降低术后并发症,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the application of enteral nutrition for colorectal cancer in perioperative period and relevant nursing interventions. Methods 84 patients with colorectal cancer admitted in our hospital from February 2010 to March 2014 chose to have radical surgery. They were divided into the control group （n=42, given traditional nutritional support and routine cares） and the observation group （n=42, on the basis of control group, enteral nutrition for perioperative period was given at the same time）. The two groups were compared in terms of nutritional status before and after intervention, the recovery time of gastrointestinal tract and the incidences of complications. Results There was no significant difference in the indicators of the patients in two groups before the op-eration （P〉0. 05）, while the physiological indicators of observation group were obviously higher than that of control group on the day of surgery and postoperative 8 d （P〈0. 05）. Flatus and bowel time of patients in the observation group was obviously shorter than that of the control group （P〈0. 05）. The differences of postoperative complications of two groups was not statistically significant （P〉0. 05）. Conclusion During the colorectal cancer perioperative period, improved enteral nutrition and nursing intervention can effectively im-prove the patient＇s nutritional states, decrease adverse reaction and reduce the postoperative complications, so that it is worth being promoted in the clinical treatment.