《汉书·艺文志》首列杂家的学术意义——以《吕氏春秋》为考察中心

Academic Significance of the Eclectics on the Priority list of Han Shu YiWenZhi——Master lvshichunqiuas the Major Subject

《吕氏春秋》为先秦杂家代表著作。对于这部书,不少学者视之为杂拼、杂凑,与同时代产生的《荀子》《韩非子》等古籍相比,《吕氏春秋》颇不被重视。《汉书·艺文志》首列杂家,并且阐述了杂家的特点是有益于王治。从此,《吕氏春秋》有了自己的学派归属,这部著作独特的编选标准和编排方式,也印证了班固关于杂家特点的认识是正确的。自《汉书·艺文志》之后,历代目录书籍的诸子类中均著录杂家,杂家作为独立一家的地位正式确立。

As the representative work of the Eclectics of pre-Qin Period, Master lvshichunqiu is considered as too patchy and improvised, which cannot be mentioned in the same breath as the contemporary ancient books such as Xunzi and Han Feizi. As a result, Master lvshichunqiu is discounted on some level. Han Shu YiWenZhi firstly mentioned the Eclectics, and indicated that effectiveness of the govemance is the major characteristic of the Eclectics. Since then, Master lvshich- unqiu located its own circle. The unique compile standards and layout method of the work also demonstrated that what＇s the understanding of the Eclectics characteristics from Ban Gu is correct. After Han Shu YiWenZhi, the catalogue books in all ages list the Eclectics, and the Eclectics gradually established its formal independent status.