辽河源头区的水体现状及评价研究

Present Situation and Evaluation Results for Water Quality in Liaohe Source Area

通过单因子指数评价法、模糊综合评价法、水质指数评价法对辽河源头区2008年-2012年的水质进行评价,发现辽河源头区所受污染较为严重,其中氨氮、BOD5和COD超标严重,对水体水质的污染影响较大。三种评价标准中,单因子评价法过于严苛,忽略了不同评价因子之间的联系;模糊综合评价法缺少对超过地表水标准的水质类别的定位,不能确定首要污染物;水质指数评价法不仅能反应水质状况,还能确定水体的污染程度及首要污染因子,是较为理想的方法。

By analyzing the monitoring data over the years in Liaohe area, this study find out its pollution situation through a variety of evaluation methods（ single factor index evaluation method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the water quality index evaluation method） to evaluate the water quality. The results showed that Liaohe source area was polluted seriously, the am- monia nitrogen, BODs and COD exceeds standards badly, and had a large influence on the pollution of water quality. Among the three methods, single factor index method is too harsh, ignoring the links between the different indexes ; fuzzy mathematics evalua- tion method is lacks of positioning when the water quality is not satisfy standards, and can not determine the primary pollutant; in- dex method can not only react water quality, but also to determine the degree of pollution and primary pollutant. Relatively it is the most ideal method.