方回诗歌史论考辨

A Study of Fang Hui's Theory of Poetic History

方回诗史叙述与诗史批评论说的一项重要内容,乃厘清诗体演变的脉络并构建其典范谱系。他不仅显现了律诗体制的历史发展轨迹以及唐宋律诗各体之间的源流正变关系,也大致勾勒出古体诗创作在汉、魏、晋、唐、宋诸诗史演进阶段中的沿革承转之情状,并突出强调了"变"而不失其"正"的《离骚》对于诗史创变的示范意义。从中也可看出,方回标"宗"立"祖",并非崇尚"江西",实则是想通过梳理、统合诗史各阶段正脉典范以确立具有深厚传统且又有丰富创作实践依据的诗学规范体系,使诗人作家有足够的诗学资源可供酌取,从而在涵咏、师法各体范型的基础上,开辟诗歌创作的新境界。

One important part of Fang Hui＇s comments and criticism on poetic history was to clarify the evolution of poetic forms and styles and to construct the poetic orthodox, He did not only reveal the development process of Lushi and the relationship between the form8 and styles of Lushi in Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty, but also outlined the inheritance and evolution of pre-Tang poetry creation in Han Dynasty, Wei Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. Besides, he underlined the significance of Lisao that reflected changing but keeping on the track as a model in poetic creation. It also can be seen that he did not advocate Jiangxi School, but to establish a system of poetic norms with a profound traditional foundation as well as a solid creation basis by identifying and gathering the poetic orthodox and models in previous times, to provide adequate poetic resources for the poets of his time to push back the boundaries of poetic creation.