裂隙岩体中束状孔爆破作用效果试验研究

Experimental Study of Cluster Holes Blasting in Fractured Rock Mass

为了提高残矿回收的爆破效率,采用岩体声波波速数据为研究指标,研究了裂隙岩体中束状孔爆破的作用效果,并与当量等效大孔的作用效果进行比较。通过数据分析发现,单孔爆破粉碎区半径大于束状孔粉碎区半径,但束状孔爆破裂隙区半径较大,裂隙更发育。为避免过粉碎和合理爆破,束状孔爆破在残矿回收中更有优势。同时,对比不同的束孔组间距发现,间距越小,束孔爆破相互作用越强。且存在一个较为合理的束孔组间距范围,使得共同作用的爆破漏斗接近标准漏斗。在此范围内进行爆破设计,可实现提高爆破效率的目的。

In order to improve the blasting efficiency of residual ore,the effect of cluster holes blasting in frac-tured rock mass was studied by using the data of rock acoustic velocity,compared with the effect of equivalent single hole blasting. The study shows the crushed area radius of cluster holes blasting was smaller than that of equivalent single hole blasting,but the radius of radial cracks was larger. To avoid over-crushing,the cluster holes blasting was more suitable for reclaiming the residual ore. By comparing the different spacing of cluster holes,result show that the smaller the spacing was,the stronger interaction of cluster holes blasting was obtained. A suitable spacing could make cluster holes blasting crater standard and improve the blasting efficiency.