住院精神病患者跌倒风险管理的效果观察

Effect of fall risk management of hospitalized psychiatric patients

目的 :探讨跌倒风险管理对预防住院精神病患者跌倒及减轻跌倒造成伤害的影响。方法 :将2011年7月至2013年7月的4647例精神病患者作为观察组,运用跌倒风险管理理念和方法,并与作为对照组的2009年6月至2011年6月的4504例精神病患者进行比较。结果 :两组患者跌倒Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级伤害程度、无伤害跌倒事件上报率、跌倒风险管理依从性比较,差异有统计学意义;两组跌倒发生率比较,差异无统计学意义;观察组无护理投诉及护理纠纷,对照组有1例因为跌倒引起纠纷,通过经济赔偿解决。结论 :对住院精神病患者进行跌倒风险管理,既可提高护理人员的质量意识、风险意识及防范跌倒风险的能力,又能促进患者参与预防跌倒管理,有效降低和减轻跌倒造成的严重伤害,提高护理质量,保障患者安全。

Objective： To explore the effect of fall risk management in preventing falling of hospitalized psychiatric patients and reducing the damage impact of falling. Methods： Totally 4647 psychiatric patients hospitalized from July in 2011 to July in 2013 were participated as observation group, while psychiatric patients hospitalized from June in 2009 to June in 2011 as control group. Risk management methods were used in observation group. Results： The damage degree in grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ between two groups had significant difference（P〈0.001）. The incidence of falls between two groups had no significant difference（P〈0.05）, however, the reporting rate about no hurt fall event between two groups had significant difference（Х^2=12.392, P〈0.001）. Patients＇ compliance of fall risk management between two groups had significant difference（P〈0.01）. There was no complaint and nursing dispute in observation group, while there was one case of fall-related nursing dispute in control group, resolved through economic compensation. Conclusion： Fall risk management of hospitalized psychiatric patients can promote the quality awareness and risk awareness of nursing staff, and improve their ability to prevent falls. It also can promote the patients to participate in fall prevention management, reduce and mitigate the serious injury caused by falls, improve the nursing quality and ensure safety of patients.