上海临港新城地表沉积物与径流重金属污染研究

Research on heavy metal of surface sediment and runoff of Lingang New City in Shanghai

以上海临港新城主城区为研究区域,分析了交通区、商居混合区和文教区地表沉积物的粒径组成和重金属污染,监测了不同功能区的地表径流水质;同时估算了地表沉积物和地表径流中6种重金属（Cu、Cd、Pb、Cr、Hg和As）单位面积污染负荷和径流年污染负荷。结果表明：不同功能区地表沉积物样品粒径分布较为相似,65%~85%以上的颗粒质量集中在直径300μm以下的细沙中;不同功能区地表沉积物中,交通区Cu、Pb、Cr浓度较高,商居混合区和文教区的Hg和As的浓度较高,Cd在各功能区分布较为平均;不同功能区地表径流瞬时水样重金属浓度波动范围较大,文教区径流水质重金属污染较为严重。文教区沉积物6种重金属单位面积污染负荷和地表径流年污染负荷均高于商居混合区和交通区,文教区Cu、Cd、Pb、Cr、Hg和As单位面积沉积物污染负荷分别为2.03、0.205、2.42、2.82、0.0171和1.63 mg/m2,地表径流年污染负荷分别为37.21、1.10、19.46、9.60、0.83和7.22 g/（hm2·a）。

Particle distribution and heavy metal concentration in surface sediment and surface runoff of different functional areas including traffic area（ TA）,commerial area（ CA） and cultural and educational area（ CEA） of Lingang New City in Shanghai were analyzed in the present study. Heavy metal loads of surface sediment and annual loads of surface runoff were calculated based on sample analysis. The results indicated that particle size distribution curves are similar in different functional areas,and particles less than 300 μm account for 65%-85%. Concentrations of Cu,Pb and Cr in surface sediment of traffic area are higher than those in the other two areas,however,the concentrations of Hg and As were higher in the latter two areas.The concentration of Cd in different areas was comparable. As for surface runoff, the heavy metal concentrations of grab samples step across a wide range and heavy metal concentrations in surface runoff from CEA were the highest. Heavy metal loads of surface sediment and annual loads of surface runoff in CEA were higher than those of the other two areas. The loads of surface sediment of Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr,Hg and As in CEA were 2. 03,0. 205,2. 42,2. 82,0. 0171 and 1. 63 mg / m2,respectively. The loads of surface runoff of Cu,Cd,Pb,Cr,Hg and As in CEA were 37. 21,1. 10,19. 46,9. 60,0. 83 and 7. 22 g /（ hm2/ a）,respectively.