基于GIS的东南太平洋智利竹■鱼时空分布年际差异分析

Annual comparison of Chile jack mackerel( Trachurus murphyi )spatiotemporal distribution in the southeast Pacific

根据2003-2012年中国拖网渔船在东南太平洋公海的生产统计数据,基于GIS的地统计分析和空间分析方法,研究智利竹（竹夹） 鱼资源密度时空分布的年际变化。结果表明：东南太平洋智利竹（竹夹）鱼不同年份空间分布趋势变化明显,2003与2004年,资源密度高值区分布在78°~85°W的东北部水域,由东北部向西南部递减;2005、2006及2007年,分布情况与前两年类似,但变化梯度较以前缓和;2008与2009年,资源密度高值区分布散乱,无明显规律;2010年,整体上资源密度呈西高东低的趋势,高值区多分布在93°W以西的水域;2011年,资源密度高值区分布在西北部水域;2012年,资源密度高值区分布在28°~38°S的西北部水域,由西北部向东部递减。热点分析与地统计分析结果一致,它们之间可相互印证。智利竹（竹夹）鱼资源密度高值点均分布在45°S以北。

Based on the fishing activity data of China trawlers in the southeast Pacific from 2003 to 2012,and by using the methods of GIS geostatistics and spatial analysis, this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution and its interannual difference of Chile jack mackerel（ Trachurus murphyi） stock density. The results showed that variations in the spatial distribution of Chile jack mackerel in different years were obvious.In 2003 and 2004,the high value area of stock density was distributed in the northeast waters of 78°-85°W,decreased from the northeast waters to the southwest waters; In 2005,2006 and 2007,it was similar to that in the previous two years,but the variation gradient was smaller than before; In 2008 and 2009,the high value area of stock density scattered,the distribution trend of stock density was not obvious; In 2010,the stock density had a trend of decreasing from the western waters to the eastern waters,the most of high value area distributed in the west waters of 93°W; In 2011,the high value area of stock density distribution was in the northwest waters; In 2012,the high value area of stock density distributed in the western waters of 28°-38°S,decreasing from the western waters to the eastern waters. The results of hot spot analysis and geostatistics analysis are basically the same,and the results of the two analysis methods can support each other. The high value points of Chile jack mackerel stock density are distributed in the north waters of 45°S.