砷污染土壤微生物修复机制及其研究进展

Mechanism of bioremediation in arsenic contaminated soil and its research progress

土壤砷污染是一个全球性问题。越来越多的研究表明,自然界中的微生物在砷的迁移转化过程中发挥了重要作用。微生物修复是目前研究的热点,也是治理砷污染土壤的主要手段之一。综述了土壤中砷污染现状及其赋存形式,重点分析讨论了砷污染土壤的微生物修复机制以及提高微生物修复效率的方法。土壤砷污染修复是一项复杂的系统工程,单一的修复技术很难实现显著的效果。只有建立在以微生物修复为主的基础上,辅之以物理化学、植物及农业生态等措施,才能大大提高微生物修复效率。总结了近年来国内外微生物修复砷污染土壤技术的研究进展,以期为深入研究微生物代谢砷的机制及其在砷污染治理中的应用提供参考。

Arsenic contamination in soil is a global problem.More and more studies have showed that microorganism play an important role in the process of arsenic migration and transformation.Microbial remediation is a hot topic in now days and it is also one of the important means to control the arsenic contamination in soils.The problems of arsenic contamination and the speciation distribution of arsenic in soil are summarized in this article.It analyzes the mechanism of bioremediation in arsenic contaminated soil,and discusses the method to increase the efficiency of microbial remediation.It is difficult to emerge significant effect by single remediation because of remediating the contaminated soil is a complicated system engineering.Only based on the microbial remediation and supplemented by physicalchemicals,plants and agro-ecological measures,can greatly improve the efficiency of bioremediation.This paper summarizes the research progress of the biological remediation of arsenic contaminated soil at home and abroad,in order to provide reference for the further studies on the mechanism of microbial metabolism of arsenic and the application of arsenic pollution control.