马尾松一代种子园土壤营养诊断研究

Soil Nutrition-diagnosis of The Frst-generation pinus massoniana Seed Orchard

通过检测马尾松一代种子园的土壤N、P、K、Ca、Mg、B、Mo等主要营养元素和母株球果产量,分析探讨种子园土壤养分间的相关性、互作规律及对产量的效应,对土壤养分进行诊断,结果表明：P、Ca、Mo、Mg、B以及NMg、N-K、P-Ca、P-K、P-Mo、P-Mg、P-B、K-Mg、Ca-Mo的互作是影响马尾松一代种子园产量的主导因子。P-Ca、P-Mo、P-Mg、P-B以及Ca-Mo的交互对球果产量为正效应,而P-K、K-Mg、N-Mg、N-K对球果产量为负增产效应。营养元素间的相关性,除了N与Mo为拮抗关系外,其它元素之间呈协同关系;种子园土壤养分适宜浓度范围即营养诊断标准为水解N（91.40～116.06 mg/kg）,有效P（1.72～2.78 mg/kg）,速效K（107.76～136.62 mg/kg）、交换性Ca（36.00～56.88 mg/kg）、交换性Mg（8.18～16.58 mg/kg）,有效B（0.31～0.55 mg/kg）,有效Mo（0.25～0.47 mg/kg）;现实种子园土壤N、P、K、Mo等速效养分含量总体偏低,处于缺乏或极缺乏状态,Ca、Mg、B含量大多处于中等水平;种子园建议施肥配方为：每株施N 25.48g、P2O529.75g、K2O 12.07g、Ca O 55.54g、Mg O 6.05 g、Mo 0.48 g,配比为N∶P2O5∶Ca O∶Mg O∶K2O∶Mo=4∶5∶2∶9∶1∶0.08。

To reveal the correlation between soil nutrients, the interaction rules of different nutrient elements and the effect on yield, the soil main nutrients elements （N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Mo, etc. ） in seed orchard of the first generation pinus massonlana and the strobilus yield were investigated. The results showed that： P, Ca, Mo, Mg, B, and N-Mg, N-K, P-Ca, P-K, P-Mo, P-Mg, P-B, K-Mg, and Ca-Mowere the main factors influencing the first generation seed orchard yield, the interaction elements between P - Ca, P - Mo, P - Mg, P - B and Ca - Mo was positive effect on strobilus yield, while P - K, K - Mg, N - Mg and N - K were negative effects on strobilus yield. Correlation between nutrition elements, except for N and Mo for the antagonistic relations, the cooperative relationship between other elements; The soil nutrients suitable concentration range of seed orchard （nutrition diagnosis standard） for the hydrolysed N （91.40 - 116.06 mg/kg）, the effective P （1.72 -2.78 mg/kg）, available K （107.76 - 136.62 mg/kg）, exchangeable Ca （36.00 -56.88 mg/kg）, exchangeable Mg （8.18 - 16.58 mg/kg）, the effective B （0.31 -0.55 mg/kg）, the effective Mo （0.25 -0. 47 mg/kg）. The seed orchard soil N, P, K, Mo and other available nutrient con- tent was low, lack or very deficient state, Ca, Mg, B content in most of the middle level. Recommended ferti- lization formula of seed orchard： each tree fertilization were N 25.48g, P205 29.75 g, K20 12.07 g, CaO 55.54 g,MgO 6.05 g,Mo O. 48 g. The ratio of N： P2O5： CaO： MgO： K2O： Mo was 4： 5： 2： 9： 1： 0.08.