都柳江不同河段急流—深潭—沙(砾)滩系统底质酶活性研究

Investigation of Enzymatic Activity in Sediments of Riffle-Deep and Pool-Sand Bank System in Different Section of Duliujiang River

本文以贵州省境内人工干扰较少的都柳江为研究对象,对急流-深潭-沙(砾)滩系统中底质酶活性进行研究。结果表明:(1)都柳江不同河段底质中酶活性的的总体变化趋势为:过氧化氢酶活性沙(砾)滩>急流>深潭,磷酸酶和脲酶活性都是深潭>急流>沙(砾)滩,脱氢酶活性变化规律不明显;在急流—深潭—沙(砾)滩系统中,过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性在深潭和急流中的最大值都在下游,沙(砾)滩的最大值在中游,磷酸酶活性的最大值均在上游,而脱氢酶活性在深潭和急流的最大值都在中游,在沙(砾)滩中的最大值在下游。(2)都柳江的河道形态结构因子与深潭中底质酶活性有一定关系,而与急流和沙(砾)滩中底质酶活性的关系不明显。(3)急流和深潭中的氮素水平与底质中的酶活性有一定的关系,其中与脲酶活性的关系尤为突出;磷素水平与底质中酶活性没有明显的相关性;电导率和COD与底质酶活性有着明显的相关性;溶解氧与急流中的过氧化氢酶有极显著正相关。研究结果为河道生物修复提供了一定的理论依据。

In the present study, the Duliujiang River, which had been less affected by human activity in Guizhou Province, was selected to investigate its enzymatic activities in sediments of riffle - deep and pool bank system in defferent section. The results showed that in sediments of different section, the order of eata- lase activity was sand pank 〉 riffle 〉 deep and pool, and that of phosphatase and urease was deep and pool 〉 riffle 〉 sand pank. No obvious trend was observed for dehydrogenase. In the riffle - deep and pool - sand pank system, the maximum activities of eatalase and urease in riffle and deep and pool accumulated in down- stream, and that in sand bank accumulated in midstream. The maximum activity of phosphatase accumulated in upstream. Dehydrogenase activities in riffle and deep and pool accumulated in midstream, and that in sand bank aeeunmlated in downstream. The relationships hetween the river morphology factors and enzymatic activ- ities in sediments were obvious in deep and pool, but not in riffle and sand pank, The obvious relationships between nitrogen levels and enzymatic activities in sediments of riffle and deep and pool were observed, espe- cially between nitrogen level and urease, however no significant relationships were obtained between phos- phorus levels and enzymatic activities. Also, an apparent relationship between conductance or COD and enzy-matic activity in sediment was investigated. Furthermore, significantly positive correlation between DO and catalase was jsut observed in riffles. The available data was helpful for the bioremediation of degraded river.