某汽车减振器弹簧车间职业病危害及控制措施分析

Analysis of occupational hazards and control measures in the workplace of producing auto damper spring

目的识别某汽车减振器弹簧生产车间的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度并评价防护措施的效果。方法采用职业卫生学现场调查和工作场所职业病危害因素检测方法,对生产车间的职业病危害及控制措施进行分析。结果汽车减振器弹簧生产车间存在化学毒物、粉尘、噪声和高温等职业病危害因素。检测结果显示化学毒物的浓度符合职业接触限值的要求;粉体涂装室/（投料时）检测点的粉尘浓度严重超标,短时间接触水平达到平均接触容许浓度（TWA）的20.9倍;各检测点的噪声强度为76.6~85.3 d B（A）,材料台和端部压延检测点的噪声强度超过职业接触限值;高温检测结果显示端部压延和涂装前处理中部的WBGT指数超过职业接触限值。结论生产车间针对化学毒物和粉尘采取了有效的控制措施,但针对噪声和高温的职业病危害控制措施仍需进一步完善。

Objective To identify occupational hazards and analyze the control effect in the engine foundry plant. Methods Field investigation and monitoring were applied for the analysis of occupational risk factors and controlling meas- ures. Results The occupational hazards in the workplace were noise, dust, chemical poisons and heat stress. Field moni- toring results showed that the concentrations of chemical poisons were below occupational exposure limits. The dust concen- trations of power coating spraying room exceeded the occupational exposure limits. The short time exposure was 20. 9 folds of time weighted average （TWA）. The noise intensities of monitoring points ranged from 76. 6 - 85.3 dB （ A）, the noise intensities of material platform and end rolling exceeded the occupational exposure limits. The WBGT of heat stress levels of end rolling and middle of coating - pretreatment exceeded the occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The protective measures on chemical poisons and dust are feasible and effective, but more effective measures should be taken to control the risk of noise and heat stress.