2012年吉林省流动人口吸烟状况与戒烟行为调查

Smoking status and smoking cessation behavior in floating population of Jilin province in 2012

目的调查2012年吉林省监测人群流动人口吸烟状况与戒烟行为,为制定控烟措施提供理论依据。方法2012年在吉林省5个监测点,采取按行业分层多阶段整群抽样方法调查了1 500名18岁及以上就业流动人口,通过面对面问卷调查收集慢性病及其危险因素信息,用于吸烟状况与戒烟行为分析的有效样本量为1 490份,对不同年龄和性别18岁以上流动人口吸烟状况与戒烟行为进行分析。结果吉林省18岁以上流动人口吸烟率33.4%,现吸烟率30.4%;男性每日吸烟量高于女性,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;男性吸烟量随着年龄增加而增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;女性年龄组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;现在每日吸烟者开始每日吸烟的年龄,男性在15~19岁年龄段最高,女性20~24岁年龄段最高;男性人群戒烟率和成功戒烟率随年龄增加而增加,但戒烟率在年龄组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,成功戒烟率组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;现在吸烟者近50.0%表示不想戒烟,男性和女性在不想戒烟的态度上没有统计学差异（P〉0.05）;现在非吸烟者中男性比女性更多暴露于二手烟。结论吉林省18岁以上流动人口吸烟率、现吸烟率、每日吸烟量仍处于较高水平;绝大多数开始每日吸烟的年龄在15~24岁年龄段;戒烟率、成功戒烟率、打算戒烟率较低;男性比女性更多暴露于二手烟危害环境。

Objective To understand smoking status and give up smoking behavior among the floating population of Jilin province in 2012,in order to provide theoretical basis for tobacco control measures. Methods Industry stratified multi - stage cluster sampling method was used , five monitoring stations were selected in Jilin province 2012 and were surveyed through face - to - face questionnaire to collect information about chronic diseases and risk factors among 1 500 floating peo- ple aged more than 18 years old. The effective samples were 1 490 for analyzing smoking status and quitting smoking behav- ior of different age and gender. Results The survey found smoking rates was 33.4% and current smoking rates was 30. 4% among the floating population above the age of 18 in Jilin province. The daily smoking rates was higher in male than in female, the smoking rate in male increased with age, there were both statistically significant difference（ both P 〈 0. 01 ） , but there was no statistically significant difference between the women in age groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The age of daily smokers started smoking in male was the highest at the age of 15 - 19 years old, the highest age was 20 to 24 years old in female. The quit smoking rates and success rates in male increased with age, but the rates of quit smoking was no statistical signifi- cant difference between the age groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ） , the successful rates of quit smoking had statistically significant differ- ences between groups（P 〈0. 0l）. Nearly 50. 0% smokers would not quit smoking, the attitude of male and female about quit smoking had no statistical differences （ P 〉 0. 05 ） , more men exposed to secondhand smoking among nonsmok- ers. Conclusion The smoking rates, current smoking rates and the amount of daily smoking are still at a higher level among the floating population above the age of 18 in Jilin province, most investigated people start daily smoking at the aged of 15 to 24 years old. The quit smoking rates, successful quit smoking rates, intending to quit smoking rates are low, there are more men than women exposed to secondhand smoking among nonsmokers.