2Mak JC,Barnes PJ.Autoradiographic visualization of muscarinic recepter subtypes in human and guinea pig lung[J].Am Rev Respir Dis,1990,141(6):1559-1568.
4Pieper MP,Chaudhary NI,Park JE.Acetylcholine-induced proliferation of fibroblasts and myof brob1asts in vitro is inhibited by tiotropium bromide[J].Life Sci,2007,80(24-25):2270-2273.
5Van Koppen CJ,Rodrigues De,Miranda JF,et al.Muscarinic recepter sensitivity in airway smooth muscle of patients with obstructive airway disease[J].Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther,1988,295(6):238-244.
7Ohta S,Oda N,Yokoe T,et al.Effect of tiotropium bromide on airway inflamm ation and remodelling in a mouse model of asthma[J].Clin Exp Allergy,2010,40(8):1266-1275.
8Haq I,Chappell S,Johnson SR,et al.Association of MMP-12 polymorphisms with severe and very severe COPD:a case control study of MMP-1,9 and 12 in a European population[J].BMC Medical Genetics,2010,15(11):7-9.
6CcelliB R,Machee W,Agusti A,et al.standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper[J].Eur RepirJ,2004,23(6):932.
7Cosio MG, Hale KA, Niewoehner DE. Morphologic and morphometric effects of prolonged cigarette smoking on the small airways. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1980,122:265-271.
8Hogg JC, Chu F, Utokaparch S, et al. The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med, 2004,350:2645-2653.
9Gosens R, Zaagsma j, Grootte-Bromhaar M, et al. Acetylcholine: a novel regulator of airway smooth muscle remodelling. Eur J Pharmacol, 2004,500:193-201.
10Vignola AM, Ricobono L, Mirabella A, et al. Sputum metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 ratio correlates with airflow obstruction in asthma and chronic bronchitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1995,155:1945-1950.
