稻瘟病抗性基因研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect in Rice Blast Resistance Gene

稻瘟病严重影响水稻的产量和品质,抗病品种的培育和种植是控制该病害最经济有效的措施。当今水稻抗稻瘟病育种的关键是抗性基因的发掘和合理利用。据报道,至少有68个稻瘟病位点的83个主效基因得到定位,其中23个被成功克隆。概述了稻瘟病的抗性遗传、稻瘟病抗性基因定位与克隆及抗性基因在育种上的应用研究进展,并对稻瘟病抗性育种面临的问题和应用前景进行了讨论和展望。

Rice blast is one of the most devastating diseases and seriously decreases the yield and quality in rice. Development and adoption of disease-resistant varieties is the most economic and effective measure to control rice blast. Therefore, the discovery and utilization of rice blast resistance genes plays a key role in rice breeding. Up to now, at least 83 major genes on 68 rice blast loci have been reported, and 23 genes of them have been cloned. In this paper, the authors made a brief review on the research progress in genetic mechanism, gene mapping and cloning of rice blast and the application of resistance genes in breeding, and discussed the problems and application prospect of rice blast resistance breeding.