释玄高之游历、修禅及与北魏初期政治的关系

Research on Shi Xuan-gao and Related Problems

释玄高是公元五世纪初活跃于中国北方的一位禅僧,他历经后秦、西秦、北凉、北魏四个政权,几乎走遍当时各个佛教兴盛之地。他聪颖过人,禅法高深,直至成为北魏太子拓跋晃的门师,却因卷入朝中政治斗争,于太武灭佛前罹难。以往学人对玄高的研究多在论及相关史实、佛教胜地时略提其人其事。笔者不揣鄙陋,通过对《高僧传·释玄高传》及相关史料的仔细爬梳,以期探究这位禅师游历、弘法、修禅及与北魏初期政治的关系等前人未曾涉及的相关问题。

SHI Xuan-gao is a zen buddhist actived in northern China in the early fifth Century,he has experienced four regimes： Hou Qin,Xi Qin,Bei Liang and Bei Wei,almost traveling all of the flourishing place of buddhism. He is clever than other people,proficient in Chan practice,until become the master of Tuo Ba-huang who is the prince of Bei Wei Dynasty,but due to being involved in political struggle,Xuan-gao died before the event of ＂destroy Buddhism＂which is blamed emperor Taiwu. The previous scholars＇ study on Xuan- gao much higher on some one-sided areas,or mention the relevant situation about him slightly when discuss historical facts and Buddhist resort. I want to have a careful research on《The biography of eminent monks·SHI Xuan- gao》and related historical materials to explore this buddhist＇ travels,promotion of Buddha,deep meditation and some problems about Bei Wei Dynasty＇ early politics.