锁阳乙酸乙酯部位对去卵巢痴呆大鼠学习记忆功能和海马神经元形态的影响

Effects of ethyl acetate extract from Cynomorim songaricum Rupr. on learning and memory function and hippocampal neurons in ovariectomized rat model with Alzheimer's disease

目的研究锁阳乙酸乙酯部位提取物对去卵巢大鼠行为学和突触形态的影响。方法 SD大鼠40只,随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药组、锁阳乙酸乙酯部位组(锁阳组)。采用双侧去卵巢造成大鼠老年痴呆模型,手术后1周,阳性药组给予雌二醇,锁阳组给予锁阳乙酸乙酯部位提取物(33 mg/kg)灌胃,给药8周后,连续6 d用Morris水迷宫观察大鼠学习记忆能力的改变。然后灌注取材,采用HE染色、免疫组化生长相关蛋白(GAP-43)和超微透射电镜来观察大鼠海马区神经元形态的变化。结果锁阳组潜伏路程、穿越平台次数较模型组有明显的改善(P<0.01)。HE染色显示,锁阳组海马CA3区锥体细胞形态得到改善,排列整齐、均一、结构清晰。GAP-43免疫组化显示,锁阳组灰度值较模型组显著增高(P<0.01)。透射电镜观察显示,锁阳组海马神经细胞较模型组有变化,神经元细胞核结构清晰,核仁呈圆形居中央,胞质呈空泡。结论锁阳乙酸乙酯部位可以提高去势所致老年痴呆大鼠在Morris水迷宫中的学习记忆功能,并且可以促进大脑海马区GAP-43蛋白的含量,从而促进神经细胞突触的形成。

Objective To investigate the effects of ethyl acetate extract of Cynomorim songaricum Rupr. （Suoyang） on behaviors and Synapse in ovariectomized rats. Methods SD rats（ n = 40） were randomly divided into normal group, model group, estradiol group and ethyl acetate extract of Suoyang （Suoyang group）. Alzheimer ＂s disease model was established by ovariectomization. One week after surgery, estradiol group and Suoyang group were intragastrically administered with estradiol and ethyl acetate extract of Suoyang（33 mg/kg） respectively for 8 consecutive weeks. After 6 days＇ behavioral observation by Morris water maze, specimen were collected from the hippocampal area. HE staining, immunohistochemistry reaction of growth associated protein （GAP-43） and ultra-micro perspective electron microscopy were used to observe hippocampal neurons. Results Compared with model group, stage of latency was significantly shorter and the times of passing platform was significantly more in Suoyang group（P 〈 0.01 ）. The neurological changes of pyramidal cells in CA3 zone of hippocampus were ameliorated, and the expression of GAP43 increased significantly（ P 〈 0.01 ） o Conclusion Ethyl acetate extract of Suoyang can improve the learning and memory ability in ovariectomized rat model with Alzheimerg disease, attributed to increasing the content of GAP43 in hippocampus and the formation of synapse in brain.