油茶籽油及茶叶籽油特征组分分析与比较

The Analysis and Comparison of Characteristic Components of Oil-Tea Camellia Seed Oil and Tea Camellia Seed Oil

研究比较了油茶籽油和茶叶籽油的脂肪酸组成、三酰甘油组成、甾醇、生育酚、角鲨烯等特征组分.结果显示：油茶籽油主要脂肪酸为油酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸;其单不饱和脂肪酸占77.50％～ 84.44％;茶叶籽油主要脂肪酸为油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸;其饱和脂肪酸含量为18.86％～ 23.04％,单不饱和脂肪酸为56.53％～58.54％.2种油脂主要三酰甘油均为OOO、SLO、LOO,但相对比例各不相同;甾醇含量分别为1 099～2 298,499 ～927 mg/kg,主要组分为β-谷甾醇和△7-豆甾烯醇,占甾醇总量80％以上.油茶籽油和茶叶籽油中生育酚以α型为主,占总生育酚90％以上;前者角鲨烯含量为21 ～ 336 mg/kg,后者为108 ～198 mg/kg.研究可为油茶籽油和茶叶籽油的开发和应用提供基础数据支持.

The characteristic components such as fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol composition, sterol, to- copherol, and squalene of oil - tea camellia seed oil and tea camellia seed oil were compared. The results showed that predominant fatty acids in oil -tea camellia seed oil were oleie acid, palmitic acid and linoleic acid, respectively; the percentage of mono- unsaturated fatty acid was 77.50%-84.44%. Oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid were the main fatty acids in tea camellia seed oil ; the percentages of saturated and mono - unsaturated fatty acid were 18.86%-23.04% and 56.53%-58.54%. The major triglycerides in two oils were OOO, SLO and LOO, but the relative percentage of each triacylglycerol was different. The content of sterols in the oils was 1 099 -2 298 and 499 - 927 mg/kg ; the content of β- sitosterol and A7 - stigmastenol was 80%. α- Tocopherol was the main composition of total tocopherol and had a content of 90% in two oils. Squalene content in oil - tea camellia seed oil was 21 - 336 mg/kg while 108 - 198 mg/kg in tea camellia seed oil. The research provides basic data support for the development and application of oil -tea camellia seed oil and tea camellia seed oil.