植物检疫中无损检测技术进展与应用

Advances and application in nondestructive detecting technologies for plant quarantine

随着全球经济的一体化进展,植物产品的国际贸易及人员交流越来越广泛,有害生物的跨国传播风险日益增大。同时,随着植物产品绿色通道的全线开通,如何缓解国际贸易快速通关与国境疫情防控之间的矛盾,满足对外检验检疫中"检得出、检得准、检得快"的要求,已成为检验检疫部门一个迫切需要解决的课题。传统的检验检疫方法存在难以实现无损、快速、在线检测的缺点,因此研究快速、高效、无损的植物检疫技术,实现植物检疫的自动实时检测,对推动经济的健康、持续发展,提高产品交易价格,具有十分重要的现实意义。本文从植物及其产品的虫害、病害方面综述了植物检验检疫中的声测法、X射线、机器视觉、近红外光谱分析以及高光谱图像等无损检测技术的原理和应用研究,并对其中的优缺点加以分析。在此基础上,对无损技术的检测应用前景进行了展望,指出未来植物检疫的重要手段和发展方向。

In recent years, international trade and personnel communication for plant products were widespread with development of global integration, which lead to increased risk of cross-border spread of the pest. Meanwhile, it has been an urgent problem to solve that how to ease the contradiction between international trades passed through customs quickly and epidemic prevented and controlled of territory to meet accurate and fast requirement with green channel opening of plant. While the traditional inspection and quarantine methods are difficult to achieve nondestructive, rapid, on-line detection, therefore it is meaning for promoting the economy development healthy and sustainably and improving product trade price to find a rapid, efficient and nondestructive detection technology to achieve automatic real-time detection for plant inspection. The article overviews theories and application research of nondestructive detection technology （Sound method, X-ray, machine vision, near infrared and hyperspectral images） about pests and disease of the plant inspection and quarantine, and furthermore analyzes the advantages and disadvantages. The article further prospects application foreground of non-destructive detection techniques and points out the methods and directions of plant inspection and quarantine in the future.