初次住院与重复住院冠状动脉硬化性心脏病患者健康教育认知缺陷的对比研究

The Comparative Study on Health Education Cognition Defects for the Coronary Artery Heart Disease Patients in the Aspect of being Hospitalized for Initial or Repetition

目的了解初次住院与重复住院冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)患者健康教育认知缺陷状况,比较其认知差异并分析其影响因素,以期为临床制定有效的健康教育措施提供依据。方法 2012年3-12月,便利抽样法选择在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院心内科住院治疗的197例冠心病患者为研究对象,按其是否为初次住院患者将其分为初次住院组和重复住院组,采用冠心病患者健康教育认知缺陷问卷对其进行调查。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、文化程度、遗传史、血脂、血压、糖尿病、吸烟等方面的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组患者对健康教育的认知水平均高于常模;初次住院冠心病患者对健康教育的认知较重复住院患者差(P<0.05),其中在冠心病知识认知和出院指导认知方面无区别(P>0.05),而在健康生活方式认知方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护士应根据患者的住院次数不同有侧重地对患者进行健康教育,充分评估冠心病患者的认知缺陷,为提供有效的健康教育奠定基础。

Objective To understand the health education cognition defects for coronary artery heart dis‐ease patients in the aspect of be hospitalized for initial or repetition ,and compare the differences of cogni‐tion and analyze its influencing factors ,to provide evidence for set a measure for health education efficient‐ly .Methods By convenience sampling ,197 cases of coronary heart disease patients were selected and divid‐ed into initial and repetition be hospitalized .T he participants w ere investigated by using health education cognition defects questionnaire .Results There was no significant statistical difference between two groups of patients in the aspects of age ,sex ,education background ,genetic history ,blood lipids ,blood pressure ,di‐abetes ,smoking and so on（all P〉0 0.5） .The two groups of patients on the level of cognitive education were higher than norm ;the initial patients were poor than those who has repetition be hospitalized （P〈0 0.5） , and there was no difference in the coronary heart disease knowledge and discharge guidance cognition（P〉0 0.5） ,while there was statistic significance of patients in healthy lifestyle cognition（P〈0 0.5） .Conclusion Nurse should be differently to patients based on the times be hospitalized ,fully assess cognitive deficits inpatients with coronary heart disease and lay a foundation to provide effective health education .