基于ADAMS的免耕播种机仿形机构弹簧参数优化

Parameter optimization for the profiling mechanism spring of no-till planter based on ADAMS

为了明确四杆仿形机构拉力弹簧对免耕播种机开沟深度稳定性的影响,对播种单体进行了受力分析,根据拉格朗日方程建立了开沟深度稳定性数学模型,采用ADAMS软件建立了免耕播种机仿形机构的虚拟样机,以2BG-2免耕播种机为例,对其弹簧刚度、弹簧预拉力、播种单体质量进行了优化。结果表明:仿形轮最大压力从1054 N降低为934 N,播种单体质量从120 kg减少为102.6 kg,弹簧刚度系数从12 N·mm-1下降为10 N·mm-1。安装拉力弹簧有利于开沟深度稳定,弹簧刚度系数越大,开沟深度变化越小;通过合理选择弹簧的刚度系数和预拉力,在保证开沟深度稳定的同时,还可以降低播种单体质量,为免耕播种机的设计和使用提供参考。

In order to determine the influence of tension spring of four-bars profiling mechanism to the planting depth stability by a no-till planter ,the forces on no-till planter unit were analyzed and the planting depth stability mathe-matic model was established based on the Lagrange Equation .The virtual prototype of profiling mechanism of a no-till planter was established by using the ADAMS software .The spring stiffness ,spring pretension force and planting unit mass were optimized with the 2BG-2 no-till planter as an example .The results showed that：maximal pressure of profil-ing wheel decreased from 1054 N to 934 N ,seeder unit mass declined from 120 kg to 102 .6 kg ,spring stiffness dropped from 12 N·mm^-1 to 10 N·mm^-1 .Spring was advantageous to keep the planting depth stable ,the bigger spring stiffness coefficient and the smaller change of the planting depth .Through appropriate selection of the stiffness coefficient and spring pretension force ,not only guaranteed stable planting depth but also reduced planting unit mass .It can be provided the references for design and utilization of the no-till planter .