玉米雄性不育机制及其产业化应用研究进展

Advance on Biological Mechanism of Male Sterility in Maize and Its' Perspective in Seed Industry

玉米是杂种优势利用最成功的作物之一,生产上广泛采用单交种。杂交种制种是玉米产业重要的生产环节,雄性不育系在杂交种制种中的应用能显著提高生产效率与种子质量。因此,玉米雄性不育机制及其产业化应用研究具有重要的理论与实践意义。综述了玉米花序的基本结构与生物学功能、细胞质雄性不育与细胞核雄性不育类型、机制与遗传基础及其在产业化应用中的优势与局限性,探讨与展望了雄性不育产业化应用的发展方向,为理解玉米雄性不育性生物学机制及产业化应用提供了较全面的基础资料。

As one of the most successful crops in heterosis utilization, single cross hybrids had been world-wide predominantly used into grain production world. And, hybrid seed production is an important process, in which male sterile lines could significantly improve the seed production efficiency along with seed quality. Therefore, the re- search on the biological mechanism and its industrialization of maize male sterility has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, morphological structure of maize male inflorescence and its biological function, cytoplasmic and nuclear male sterility types and their biological mechanism, the genetic basis and their industrial application had been reviewed. Besides of discussion on the advantage and limitation of those types of male sterility in seed industry,we also provide a perspective viewpoint on their application in the future. Presented data, genes and genetics, biological mechanism, and discussions had provided a good knowledge resource for understanding maize male sterility and its application in maize seed industry.