鼓粒期干旱对黑龙江省不同年代育成大豆品种根系的影响

Influence of Seed-Filling Period Drought on the Roots of Heilongjiang Province Soybean Varieties Bred in Different Eras

为了明确黑龙江省不同年代育成大豆品种根系抗旱能力改良趋势。本研究选用黑龙江省不同年代育成的5个大豆主栽品种为试材,利用盆栽试验,于鼓粒期进行干旱处理,对根系形态和生理功能进行测定。实验结果表明,不同品种间、不同处理间以及品种和处理互作间根体积、根表面积、根干重、根系活力等性状差异达到显著或极显著水平;随着时间的推移不同年代育成品种的根体积、根表面积、根干重和根系活力降低率均呈先升高后降低的抛物线趋势,并与育成年代相关性达到显著或极显著水平。不同品种间、不同处理间以及品种与处理间单株粒重差异均达到显著或极显著水平;随着时间推移不同年代育成大豆品种单株粒重降低率呈先升高后降低的抛物线趋势,并与育成年代相关性达到显著或极显著水平。从根系形态和生理指标以及单株粒重的变化规律可以看出,黑龙江省不同年代育成大豆品种抗旱能力呈现先降低后升高的曲线规律。

To define the improved trend of soybean roots drought-resistant ability bred in different eras in Hei- longjiang province, we chose five main soybean varieties as testing materials in a pot experiment to determine the morphology and physiological function of soybean roots by drought treatment during seed-filling period. The experi- mental results showed that the characters difference reached significant or extremely significant level such as root volume, root surface area, root dry weight, root activity, grain weight per plant among different cultivars, different treatments, and interaction between cultivars and trentments. Over time the difference of characters was a parabolic trend of first increase then decrease for root volume, root surface area, root dry weight and root activity, grain weight per plant of soybean cuhivars bred in different eras. They were correlated with eras and reached a significant or re- markably significant level. We could conclude that it exhibited a parabolic trend of rise and fall for the drought-re- sistant ability of soybean cuhivars bred in different eras in Heilongjiang province from root morphology and physio- logical indicators, and the changes of grain weight per plant.